Black pepper plant

Scientific name of Black pepper plant: Piper nigrum
Name of Black pepper in different languages:-
Sanscrit: Maricham
Hindi: Kalamirchi
Malayalam: Kurumulak കുരുമുളക്
Tamil: மிளகு-Milaku
Plant description:
Black pepper plant – Piper nigrum is a climber vine of the tropical area commonly in South India. Leaves are dark green pointed at the end, climbing with the support tree grows up to 30 m. tall. Flowering is in June and seeds are green occur with leaf buds, which grows like a spike called peppercorn in clusters, seeds are dark green and it turns orange-red when ripe. Dried fruits are called Black pepper which is medically important in Ayurveda treatments.
Ripe fruits | Dried Fruits |
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Leaf Arrangement
Shape-ovate | Margin-Entire | Venation-Arcuate |
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Useful plant parts: Seed, root
Medicinal uses:
Black pepper is used to treat rheumatism, flu, colds, increase blood circulation, muscular aches, stimulates appetite, tones the colon muscles, vertigo, paralytic, arthritic disorders and digestive tonic.
Chemical content: piptigrine, piperine, dipiperamides
Medicinal properties: Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Antilarval, Gastrointestinal effects, bacteriostatic, fungi static.
Different type of Peppers under various process
Black pepper - Half boiled and dried unripe fruit
White pepper - Ripe fruit pealed and dried
Green pepper - Unripe fruit dried fruit
Red pepper - Ripe drupes preserved in brine and vinegar to keep the redness
How to prepare medicines: